منابع مشابه
Stereospecific synthesis of amphetamines
Regioselective addition of aryl lithium to commercially available (S)-(+)-propylene oxide provides the corresponding (S)-aryl-2-propanol. The (R)-amphetamine is obtained by conversion of the alcohol to the tosylate followed by azide displacement and hydrogenation. Mitsunobu conversion of the alcohol to the (R)-bromide followed by azide displacement and hydrogenation affords the (S)-amphetamine....
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The stimulant effects of ephedrine, an alkaloid of the shrub, Ephedra vulgaris, were described in China more than 5000 years ago. Local physicians typically used the plant, also known as ma huang, as a herbal remedy for asthmatic wheezing and other pulmonary problems. These disorders are caused by severe constriction of the bronchial tree, and ephedrine simply relaxes bronchial muscle to improv...
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Ecstasy (MDMA, 3,4-methylendioxymethamphetamine) and the stimulants methamphetamine (METH, speed) and amphetamine are popular drugs among young people, particularly in the dance scene. When given in high doses both MDMA and the stimulant amphetamines are clearly neurotoxic in laboratory animals. MDMA causes selective and persistent lesions of central serotonergic nerve terminals, whereas amphet...
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The physiological function of neurotransmitter transporter proteins like the serotonin transporter (SERT) is reuptake of neurotransmitter that terminates synaptic serotoninergic transmission. SERT can operate in reverse direction and be induced by SERT substrates including 5-HT, tyramine and the positively charged methyl-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)), as well as the amphetamine derivatives para-chl...
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When amphetamine or an analog is administered in repeated high doses, neurochemical deficits in both the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems of selected areas of the brain are observed. Methamphetamine (10 to 15 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg)), administered every 6 hours for 5 doses, decreases rat tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity and dopamine (DA) content in the neostriatum within 18 hours...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: BMJ
سال: 1963
ISSN: 0959-8138,1468-5833
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.5366.1204-a